加强记忆力--健脑药膳

适当药膳能有效加强记忆力

中医学所认为小儿无记性者，是脑髓未满；高龄无记性者，是脑髓渐空。小儿脑髓渐满则精智渐长。中医所讲的脑髓即脑与脊髓之合称。由脊骨上行人脑之精髓。其位于椎管之内，下至尾骶，上通于脑。中医健脑益智有其独到之见解，也有多种养生法来达到强脑增智的目的。

智力不足是由于肝肾亏损，心气不足，脾肾两亏，气血虚弱等所致。常见症状有语言迟钝，词不达意，视物模糊，记忆力欠佳，对外界事物反应迟钝，思考问题迟缓等。

营养不良对大脑和智力发育有着重要影响。实验证明：营养不良可使脑细胞变小。脑细胞的突触减少，突触分支的形式改变造成脑部发育缺陷。而大脑主要需要糖、蛋白质、脂类、微量元素、维生素A、B、C和E等营养素。因此合理摄入蛋、肉、奶、大豆、猪羊脑、干果、蔬菜、水果等食物，将有益于营养大脑。 儿童健脑食物要荤素搭配，尤其要多吃碱性食物即含钠、钾、钙、镁等丰富的食物。

中医强调饮食有节，起居有常，劳逸适度等能保精养血，积精而神全。 精血是神不可缺少的物质基础，有精才有神，才能发挥思考能力。中医也说脑藏神，精神愉快则脑不伤。如精神紧张，心境不宁，神乱神散，则脑受损。而现代营养学家则认为，除各种维生素及无机盐外。要使脑能够高效率地工作，必须保证氧气，水分、葡萄糖、蛋白质和脂肪类五种基本物质的供应。

鱼肉脂肪中含有对神经系统具备保护作用的欧米伽—3脂肪酸，有助于健脑。研究发现每周至少吃一顿鱼特别是三文鱼和沙丁鱼的人，与很少吃鱼的人相比较，老年痴呆症的发病率要低很多。吃鱼还有助于加强神经细胞的活动，从而提高学习和记忆能力。

全麦制品和糙米，增强肌体营养吸收能力的最佳途径是食用糙米。糙米中含有各种维生素，对于保持认知能力至关重要。其中维生素B6对于降低类半胱氨酸水平最有作用。

鸡蛋中所含的蛋白质是天然食物中最优良的蛋白质之一，它富含人体所需要的氨基酸，而蛋黄除富含卵磷脂外，还含有丰富的钙、磷、铁以及维生素A、B、D等，适于脑力工作者食用。

勤于思考分析的人，脑血管经常处于舒张状态，从而使神经细胞得到良好的营养，大脑功能就得以更佳的发挥。脑组织对毒物的作用十分敏感，凡有毒物质、环境污染、吸烟等都能损害脑的功能，必须加以防范和节制。多吸收新鲜空气，加强运动，增加大脑的氧供给。

一个人的道德修养和记忆力也有关系。如一个胸襟狭隘，凡事斤斤计较，七情易动的人，则脏腑气血功能往往会失调而伤脑，所以重道德修养；如豁达大度，恬淡寡欲，不患得患失，不追名逐利，悠然自得，助人为乐，就利於养脑。故健脑养生，尤当注意及此。

中医古今所用健脑方药，一般是以补肝肾、益精血的药如山萸肉、地黄、首乌、枸杞子、菟丝子、五味子、川杜仲、牛膝、当归等为主。另外也以黄芪、人参、丹参等补益元气。药膳配伍应用，当根据辨证论治的原则，有针对性地配制，疗效会较显著。

彭国民中医师Tel: 012-3320445(东方中医药进修学院院长)撰稿

Brain Power The Herbal Nutrition Way
by C M Dr. Allen K.M. Pang (President of SEL & KL Association of China Graduated Chinese Physicians)

Children do have a better memory than old folks as this is because the young ones's memory filing system has not been fully stored. Being old, there are fewer brain cells available for taking in new information.

Poor memory also stems from failing function of the liver, kidneys, poor immune response, slow blood circulation. Some elderly with bad memory function can have speech impairment, bad hearing, failing eyesight and loose interest in general activities.

A poor diet lacking in many nutrients can shrink brain cells as the brain needs nutrition like protein, fats, element of trace, vitamin A, B, C, E. Food packed with these powers are found in eggs, meat, milk, whole-grains, pig's brain, sheep brain, nuts, fresh vegetables, fresh fruits. Children's meals should include sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium.

In oriental theory for the brain to function its capability, you must have a happy

environment, no nervousness state or feel uneasy over things. A calm state of mind helps a lot. Nutritionists believed that the five key elements of good brain power stem from a good breathing system, adequate water in the body for its functions, glucose, protein and fats at a correct level which can drive a healthy brain and the nerve cells well.

Fish especially salmon and sardines are packed with omega-3 which the mineral calcium also play an important role in brain function.

Whole grain has vitamins especially those found in unpolished rice as vitamin B1 is present in the outer layer of the grain. Vitamin B6 present in whole-grain, legumes play an important role in regulating mood, sleep and appetite.

Eggs has good vitamin A, B, D and loads of protein and help to maintain healthy nervous tissue.

Avoid smoking, environmental poisoning as it endanger the brain cells but fresh air and exercises will increase good brain cells. Happy lives can contribute a long way as sufficient rest and good mood swings improve both concentration and less mental stress.

健脑药膳

健脑药膳，主要是增强脑力，治疗健忘症。健忘症是由于脑力衰退、记忆力减退所致；遇事善忘，记忆力差，中医称为健忘或善忘。经常食用健脑药膳，可以消除症状，增强脑力，利于学习与工作。临床上多种疾病如头痛、头昏、偏头痛、神经痛、耳鸣、精神困倦，均可出现健忘症。婴幼儿益智药膳主要是针对智力不足、反应迟缓的2-7岁小儿而设，经常食用可促进脑部发育，增强智力，以提高学习成绩和完善。

文：张慧兰博士Tel: 012 - 370 3755（卫生部认同马来西亚中医师暨针灸联合总会注册中医师）


Herbal Recipes

Herbal supplement can be part and parcel of food choice good for brain function. Poor memory is due to a lot of factors. Old age often produces failure of memory and some illness like headaches, giddiness, migraine, nerves pain, ringing in the ears, stress-out symptoms are all inter-linked. Improving long term memory is more effective in young children between the ages of two to seven as a good herbal diet in menu planning can improve the brain function and may help them to perform well in their study syllabus.

by Dr. Chong Fee Lan (Tel: 012 - 370 3755)

益智天麻蒸鱼
材料A：
黄芪15克
白术9克
黄精6克
天麻15克
姜片适量
清水600毫升

材料B：
金凤鱼1条（500克)切双飞，洗净

材料C：
红辣椒适量（切丝）
青葱适量（切丝）
香油适量

做法：
1． 将（A）料煮滚转小火煮15分钟，取汁200毫升。
2． 将（1）的药材排盘，铺上鱼后注入（1）的药汁。
3． 将（2）放入已煮滚水的镬以大火蒸10分钟，撒上(C）料即可。
功效：醒脑益智，镇静镇痉，滋补强壮。

Tian Ma Steamed Fish
Ingredient A:
15g huang qi, 9g bai shu
6g huang jing, 15g tian ma
Some ginger (sliced)
600ml water
Ingredient B:
1 tilapia (500g) (rinsed, cut butterfly-style)

Ingredient C:
Some spring onions (shredded)
Some red chillies (shredded)
Some sesame oil

Method:
1. Bring ingredient (A) to a boil, cook over low heat for 15 minutes, strain out 200ml solution.
2. Arrange herbal ingredients of no. (1) onto platter, place fish on top, pour in solution of no. (1).
3. Steam no. (2) over rapidly boiling water using high heat for 10 minutes, sprinkle on ingredient (C).

Herbal properties: Improves memory, calms the nervous system, restores energy and strength.


补心健脑蒸鸡
材料：
全鸡腿1只
党参10克
麦冬10克
茯苓10克
当归6克
柏子仁6克

装饰：
枸杞适量

做法：
将全部材料洗净后排入深盘，放入已煮滚水的镬以中火蒸2小时即可装饰享用。

功能：养血安神，健脑益智。容易腹泻者少食。

Steamed Chicken For The Brain
Ingredients:
1 chicken whole leg
10g dang shen
10g mai dong
10g fu ling
6g dang gui
6g bo zi ren

For garnishing:
Some wolfberries

Method:
Rinse all ingredients before arranging onto a deep platter, steam over rapidly boiling water using medium heat for 2 hours, garnish and serve.

Herbal properties: It helps to improve blood production and has sedative properties. But this soup is not suitable for those who suffer from constant diarrhoea problems.

玉米益智汤
材料A：
黄芪15克
党参10克
远志10克
天麻10克
大枣15克
清水1500毫升

材料B：
罐头玉米酱1罐
萍果半粒（切丁）
虾仁180克（川烫）
蟹柳2条（川烫，切片）
鲜奶250毫升
冰糖50克

材料C：
鸡蛋2粒（打散）

芡汁：（混合均匀）
薯粉1汤匙
清水2汤匙

做法：
1． 将（A）料煮滚转中火煮20分钟，取汁800毫升。
2． 将（1）及（B）料煮滚后勾芡，熄火慢慢注入蛋液拌匀即可。

功效：本汤补中益气、健脾和胃、补脑益智、增强抵抗力、活化脑细胞、增强记忆力。

Corn Soup
Ingredient A:
15g huang qi,10g dang shen
10g yuan zhi, 10g tian ma
15g black dates, 1500ml water

Ingredient B:
1 can creamy sweet corn kernels
1/2 apple (diced)
180g shrimps (scalded)
2 imitation crabsticks (scalded)
250ml fresh milk
50g rock sugar

Ingredient C:
2 eggs (beaten)

For thickening: (mixed together)
1 tbsp tapioca flour
2 tbsps water

Method:
1. Bring ingredient (A) to a boil, cook over medium heat for 20 minutes, strain out 800ml solution.
2. Bring no. (1) and ingredient (B) to a boil. Add in thickening, turn off heat, drizzle in egg into the pot, stir well.

Herbal properties:
This soup enhances stamina, improves spleen function, tonic to the stomach, benefits brain powder, improves immune response.

龟苓膏Gui Ling Koh

材料A：
六琴草15克
罗汉果1粒（压碎）
伏神12克
冰片糖810克（约2包）

材料B：拌匀
包装原味龟苓膏粉1盒（内有10小包）
清水580毫升

用具：
小碗或杯24个

做法：
1. 锅热2.9公升水，加入（A）料盖好以大火煮滚转小火煮一小时半，过滤，确定有2.5公升的糖水，如有不足，加入热水。
2. 开盖加入（B）料边煮边搅至滚，趁热倒入小碗待稍为凉，放进冰箱一小时或凝固，取出享用。
注：在大热天或吃辣后可享用此甜品以化解热气。

Ingredient A:
15g liu qin cao
1 loh hon guo (crushed)
12g fu shen
810g cane sugar (about 2 packets)

Ingredient B: mixed well
1 packet original taste gui ling koh powder (10 small sachets in 1 packet)
580ml water

Utensil needed:
24 small bowls or cups

Method:
1. Heat up 2.9 litres of water. Add in ingredient (A), cover and boil contents. Once it comes to a rapid boil, turn heat to low. Simmer for 1 1/2 hours. Strain out, ensure there is 2.5 litres of the solution or else top in extra hot water.
2. Uncover, add in ingredient (B), stir at all times till it comes to another boil. Turn off heat, spoon into utensil and leave it to cool. Keep it chilled for an hour to set well. Serve cold.

Note: Good snack for heaty days or as a dessert after a spicy meal.

The Human Body Produces a Variety of Toxic Products 人体内的毒素是怎样产生的?

The Human Body Produces a Variety of Toxic Products

There are several number of organs throughout the body responsible for the process of digestion, right from the oesophagus to the stomach, small intestine, colon of bowel before being expelled from the body through the anus. The complex process of the remains of food after nutrients have been removed and the excretion of waste products need 12-24 hours to complete.

Unexpelled toxic waste produce their own by-products and if these are not eliminated, it can be poison itself. You can have bloated tummies, dizziness and discomfort setting in. Ensure that this does not happen regularly.

Other factors can give a clogging nature to our bodies. We start to feel bad when we become tired, stressed, hormones being ill-balanced and as these take shape, we may be facing problems like memory failures, fatigue, yellowish skins, constipation, piles growth, becoming obese.

It may seem queer to think of the lungs as organs of excretion but carbon dioxide is another waste product excreted by the body. If carbon dioxide starts dissolving in the blood, it can bring about respiratory failure.

Free-radicals in the body can be a fundamental cause of diminishing collagen fibres thus giving rise to the onset of wrinkles, pigmentation, industrial development giving rise to cancer etc...

Protein is the most complex of all food elements and the assimilation and utilization are rather complicated. But the easiest food for the body to break down is fruit. Detoxifi-cation is cleansing and the cleansing aspect of fruit washes impacted fecal matter from the intestinal walls. This is why water drunk first thing in the morning (around 200ml) is a wise move and exercise keeps you in good form, making you feel light and renewed.

Carrots or sea kelp are good food to eliminate body waste. Black wood ear fungus is also good. The later can remove dirty cells from the plague attached to the intestines this like they are being scrubbed clean.

Curdled pig's blood has raised many eyebrows as it is thought to be a good cleanser so has the properties of green tea for nicotine removal. Red wine is good for the heart, fresh ginger acts as a barrier from simple germs and green beans may help to detoxify simple toxic material.

Perspiration, urine are other methods of waste removal from the body.

A gradual approach to exercise daily like going for brisk walks or playing a game of basketball, volleyball, cycling or trekking gives you a healthier lifestyle as it helps you to cope with stress. Drink more water when you exercise and take warm bath using water in the 35 degrees Celsius to 42 degrees Celsius region. As the pores open, toxins are released through sweat. Always remember that exercise is a health system which supports general wellness.

by C M Dr. Allen K.M. Pang (Doctor of Chinese Medicine)
☆ Medical Advisor of Xiamen Ren De Hospital
☆ Regional Representative of Nanjing TCM University
☆ President of SEL & KL Association of China Graduated Chinese Physicians
☆ Guest Lecturer of Hong Kong Wah Ha TCM College
☆ Director Jiangxi TCM University Malaysia Tutoring Centre
☆ Vice Chairman (Overseas) of Xiamen TCM & Medicine Promoting Association.

人体内的毒素是怎样产生的?
一般上在正常的新陈代谢情况下，人们所吃的食物经过食道、胃、十二指肠、小肠、大肠，最后从肛门排出体外，整个过程一般可在12-24小时内完成，这样就可确保废物不在肠中过久停留而产生毒素。粪便中毒素甚多，如硫化氢、吲哚、粪臭素，若不及时排出，会被肌体重新吸收入血，不但引起腹胀，更会使人头晕脑胀、思维受损。因此避免体内囤积毒素应常确保大便通畅。

虽然人体排便是一种防毒功能，可是疲劳、紧张或其他生理原因，也会导致人体出现代谢功能失调、内分泌紊乱，致使人体的废物长期停留在体内。这样残余的废物在肠内开始腐败，结肠中的菌群就会不断分解废物，产生毒素。这些毒素经过结肠再次吸收，不断渗出污染体内环境，后经血液循环进入人体的不同器官，从而进入体内引发各种疾病，出现记忆力衰退、疲劳、面色灰黄、便秘、痔疮和内分泌失调、肥胖等。

除了人体本身的新陈代谢紊乱会产生毒素之外, 我们身边周围的环境亦可产生一些对人体有害的物质通过呼吸饮食进入人体。肺是人体最易积存毒素的器官之一。自然界中的粉尘、有害气体与金属微粒及工业废气中的有毒物质，都能通过呼吸进入气管，最后进入肺泡，不但肺要受到伤害，有毒物质还能潜入血液循环而株连全身。

另外人体内的自由基，是氧化过程中的副产物，它在体内积聚过多，会破坏去氧核糖核酸、胶原蛋白和正常组织细胞，使人出现皱纹、老年斑甚至还会导致癌症和老年痴呆症。蔬菜水果应呈碱性，经常多吃能与饮食中的糖类、肉类、蛋类等酸性食品及代谢中的酸性物质发生化学反应，使人的血液保持弱碱性，使沉积在血管壁上的有毒物质被溶解，清除体内的自由基，并使之排出体外。清晨起床后至少要喝200多毫升水，多活动活动，不但能稀释血液、防止血液浓缩，出现脑血管意外，更能起到清刷胃肠的作用，使得大小便排出，清除毒素。

很多食物是天然的排毒器。例如胡萝卜，它能与体内的重金属结合，生成一种对肌体无害的物质然后排出体外。还有海带含有褐藻酸，能减慢放射性元素锶和镉被肠道吸收，使之排出体外；黑木耳能抑制血小板凝集、降低胆固醇，黑木耳中的胶原能将残留在肠道内的粉尘积聚在一起，然后排出体外。

猪血含有血浆蛋白，经人体胃酸消化分解后，能与侵入肠道内的粉尘和有害金属发生化学反应，变成不易被肌体吸收的物质排出。因此，长期从事毒粉工作的人，应多吃猪血。绿茶含有许多解毒因子，能与血液中有毒物质结合，加速从尿液中排出体外。绿茶还有抗癌降血脂作用。吸烟者应常喝绿茶，以减轻尼古丁对肌体的毒害。葡萄酒为碱性食品，适当喝些不但对心脏有益还能预防酸中毒。生姜含辛辣姜油及姜烯酮，对伤寒、沙门氏菌等有强大的杀灭作用。绿豆味甘寒，能解砒霜草木诸毒，对重金属和农药中毒及其他各种食物中毒均有防治作用。因此，经常接触铅、砷、镉、化学农药等有毒物质的人应常吃绿豆食品。

体内毒素亦可通过排汗加以清除。汗和尿液基本相似，都是体内有毒的废物。因此为了清除体内毒素，要常运动，包括长跑、打篮球、排球、快速骑车和登山。运动前多喝些水，增加出汗。洗热水澡，水温宜在35℃至42℃、或洗桑拿浴，都能使汗腺疏张，汗毛孔散开，得以排汗和排毒，更能清除皮肤上的油腻污垢，促进血液循环、活血化瘀、加速代谢、起到清洗血管作用。健康的身体是人人所追求的，注意个人养生，保持体内无毒素便可延年益寿，远离病痛。

东方中医药进修学院院长: 彭国民中医师撰稿
(廈门仁德医院医学顾问\南京中医药大学国际教育学院\马来西亚招生主任\雪隆留华中医师公会会长\江西中医学院马来西亚教学主任\廈门中医药促进会副会長（海外）)

The ABC of Gout Attacks 尿酸与痛风

The ABC of Gout Attacks
By Dr. Chong Fee Lan

Gout is caused by an abnormally high amount of uric acid. Gout patients have either too much uric acid formed or it is inadequately excreted. Normally, a person with raised level of uric acid may suffer from an acute attack of gout if the uric acid is deposited in the joints, skin or kidneys.

In chronic cases of gout, crystals of uric acid salts settle in joints and the cartilage of bone ends. But the other most common cause is the filtering process of the kidneys become rather inefficient at getting rid of the uric acid. This results in very painful inflammation of the big toe or joints. Certain foods rich in purines will produce uric acid (after digestion) like offals, red meat, lentils, beans, seafood produce and best avoided consuming them in large amounts. It is best to seek treatment quickly during an acute attack. Patients who suffer frequent gout attacks need long-term treatment.

Although soy beans may be high in purines but processed bean food like dried taukwa or soy bean milk can have reverse roles if taken in moderation. It may help the gut and kidneys to excrete excess uric acid so that the level in the body remains constant. But a food 'binge' on chicken drumsticks, chicken breasts and certain seafood can temporarily decrease the power of the kidneys to flush out the excess uric acid.

As gout is connected to food rich in purines (usual cases apart from congenital conditions) a healthy diet can play its part. It is also known to strengthen the rejuvenation system in order to reduce gout attacks.

Note: Gout sufferers should also stay away from mushrooms, ham choy, bamboo shoots, kang kong, ducks, crabs, big prawns, sotong.


Following is a feedback of a reader from Australia about GOUT:

From: Stevia Chai-Yuen Loh
To:
Date: Tue, 9 Feb 2010 14:50:07 +1100
Subject: Celery Keeps Gout at Bay

---

Hi Richard, Thanks for the invitation for the face book. I don't have an account with face book, maybe later. I went into your free recipes section and read the article about gout. A few years ago my husband had gout and he claim that it's the most painful pain in the whole wide world (the world most low pain tolerance guy). I understand it is painful, anyway that's him. I read a book written by a western herbalist, he also has the gout problem and he try celery and celery seed tablet and found that he could eat and drink alcohol in moderation as he likes. I bought a bottle of celery seed tablet from the supermarket and let my husband try it. To our surprise his gout went away and didn't return, touch wood (a thing to say when you hope sickness or bad things don't return in the western world because ancient time they thought God live inside the tree. So by saying this you touch God.) Westerners are also very superstitious like we Asian too. If you eat just celery it has to be in huge quantity, so celery seed tablets just take 3 a day when the pain is there. Then 2 or just 1 to keep it at bay, there no harm trying because it is a natural product, not a chemical. I write this because I thought you might be interested. Coming back to the recipe books I bought from you, those recipes I've tried are wonderful, especially the new year cookies from Alan Ooi (I think that's his name). Just baked 2 batches of kuih bahulu and 2 batches of almond cookies yesterday. Thanks, Got to go now. Wishing you and your family "A healthy and Prosperous Chinese New Year" and also your publication "The Very Best For All The Years To Come" Regards C Y Loh Sydney Down Under

Thanks Loh!!

尿酸与痛风
张慧兰医师(卫生部认同马来西亚中医师暨针灸联合总会注册中医师)

痛风是因体内尿酸生成过多或尿酸排泄受阻，导致过多的尿酸盐沈积在血液及关节处，引起关节肿痛。侵袭的部位以足部大脚趾关节最常见，其次是踝关节、足背、膝关节，甚至全身各处关节。罹患痛风的机率会随着血液中尿酸浓度的增加而上升。男性每100毫升血液中尿酸值7毫克以上，女性6毫克以上，便称为高尿酸血症。

尿酸盐沉积的原因一是尿酸产生过多，二是尿酸排泄减少。前者主要包括某些酶的缺乏，引起细胞中核酸大量分解的疾病，饮食中富含嘌呤的食物如内脏、瘦肉、豆类、海产品过多等，后者主要是一些肾脏疾病引起。 痛风的治疗急性期要控制或终止急性发作；恢复期要通过抑制尿酸生成和促进尿酸排泄防止再发作，晚期要结合手术治疗，刮除痛风石，重建关节功能。

豆类一向是痛风患者的大忌，但现在医学界却认为除了黄豆、纳豆等含嘌呤较高的豆类不宜多吃外，像豆干、豆浆等豆类加工制品，只要适量，反而可以增加尿酸排泄，反而是鸡腿、鸡胸肉及某些海鲜，被列为高嘌呤食物，有痛风的人，最好不要多吃。

痛风病人饮食方面要避开高嘌呤食物，只食用低嘌呤食物。 另一方面要加强新陈代谢的功能， 使体内尿酸尽量排出体外。 以下药膳可酌情选用。

注：痛风病患必须避免食用香菇、咸菜、竹笋、蓊菜、鸭肉、螃蟹及墨鱼等…。





Recipe:

Bai Jie Zi Lotus Seed Wai San Kuih

Ingredient A:
5g bai jie zi powder
100g lotus seeds powder
250g rice flour
100g plain flour
1500ml water

Ingredient B:
4 shallots (sliced)

Ingredient C:
200g fresh wai san (peeled, diced)
100g red dates (deseeded, diced)
5g dried tangerine peel (soaked, shredded)

Seasoning:
1 tbsp oyster sauce
1 tbsp soy sauce
1 tbsp salt
1 1/2 tbsps sugar
1 tsp sesame oil
1 tsp pepper

Garnishing:
Some spring onions (diced)
Some red chillies (diced)

Method:
1. Combine ingredient (A). Stir till it is free of lumps.
2. Heat a wok with 4 spoons of oil. Saute ingredient (B), add in ingredient (C) and seasoning, fry well and pour in no. (1), cook till it reaches a thick consistency.
3. Pour no. (2) into a clingwrap lined 9" square tin, steam over medium heat for 50 minutes or till cooked through.
4. Cool no. (3) well, slice and garnish, serve 100g as breakfast daily.

Disclaimer: The treatment claims here are not meant as total prescription for any specific illness but offered for information only. Check with a doctor to see the underlying problem first.

Herbal Properties: Restores vitality, expels phelgm, relieves numbness, relieves gout pains.

白芥莲子山药糕

材料A：
白芥子粉5克
莲子粉100克
粘米粉250克
面粉100克
清水1500毫升

材料B：
小葱头4粒（切片）

材料C：
鲜山药200克（去皮，切丁）
去核红枣100克（切碎）
陈皮5克（浸软，切丝）

调味料：
蚝油1汤匙
生抽1汤匙
盐1汤匙
糖1汤匙半
麻油1茶匙
胡椒粉1茶匙

装饰：
青葱粒适量
红辣椒粒适量

做法：
1. 将（A）料拌匀至无颗粒，待用。
2. 镬里热4汤匙油爆香（B）料，加入（C）料及调味料炒匀，倒入(1)煮至浓稠。
3. 将（2）倒入铺了保鲜纸的9寸方模内，以中火蒸50分钟或熟。
4. 取出待凉后切块装饰享用，每次100克作早餐用。

忠告:以上药膳只供参考，健康出现问题请尽快咨询医生的意见。

Diabetes & The Diabetic Diet (3 recipes) 糖尿病患者的饮食(附3个药膳食谱)

糖尿病患者的饮食
文：彭国民中医师

糖尿病是一种慢性的代谢异常疾病。一般认为糖尿病是由于遗传、环境、化学毒素以及微生物等因素 交互影响，造成体内胰脏分泌胰岛素不足，或体内胰岛素产生抗拒性。使得对于醣类的利用能力减低甚至完全无法利用，造成血糖过高，尿中有糖的现象，同时也造 成蛋白质和脂肪的代谢不正常。

饮食控制良好的糖尿病患者，生活品质也不逊于一般人。糖尿病饮食是以正常饮食的原则为基础，视各人需要调整 热量、蛋白质、脂肪及醣类的摄取量，提供均衡的营养，达到控制病情一种饮食方式，所需要的基本营养与一般人是一样的。所以正常健康的人也可以此原则摄取均 衡营养。糖尿病患者若不注意控制饮食，容易引发急性或慢性并发症，使病情恶化。急性并发症包括低血糖症及高血糖症，严重会致命。慢性并发症则包含眼睛、肾 脏、神经、心血管疾病等病变。

对于糖尿病患而言，营养医疗是重要的一环。不论病情的轻重，不管治疗的方式为何，都应该搭配饮食控制。轻微的糖尿病患者甚至于不需要药物，只要施以适当的饮食调整，再配合运动就可以相当有效的控制病情。

糖尿病患者有时为了控制血糖，往往过度限制自己的饮食，殊不知这样的做法并不科学。由于患者与普通人有不同的生理需求，缺乏某些营养素可能会加重糖尿病的发生、发展。这里以维生素矿物质等营养素为例。

1. 维生素A缺乏可能导致1型糖尿病的发生和胰岛细胞凋亡，日常膳食中增加蛋黄、胡萝卜、南瓜、玉米、 菠菜等富含维生素A的食物可有效补充维生素A。

2. 作为许多代谢途径中关键酶的辅酶，B族维生素在糖代谢中起重要的作用，主要存在于小麦、豆类、芝麻及瘦肉等食物中。

3. 维生素C能够清除自由基，预防糖尿病合并神经和血管病变，多吃草莓、菠菜、卷心菜、番茄等可有效补充维生素C。

4. 维生素D缺乏可以导致胰岛素分泌减少，多晒太阳即可。

5. 锌缺乏则影响胰岛素的合成和分泌，主要存在于豆类、鸡蛋等食物中。

6. 铬可以改善糖耐量异常，减少降糖药或胰岛素需要量，在小麦、花生、蘑菇、茶叶、人参、黄芪等食物中含量丰富。

7. 硒可以降低血糖，抗动脉粥样硬化，主要存在于芝麻、麦芽和黄芪等食中。

有些糖尿病人家属觉得病患三餐需限量，怕病患营养不够，而会准备鸡精、高蛋白、鱼汤或用中药炖鸡来进补，其实有很多糖尿病人处于营养过剩的状态，不当的进补反而会害了病人。糖尿病人只要日常饮食均衡，并不需额外进补。

另 外糖尿病患者可多食苦瓜，因为苦瓜所含的多肽类物质具有降低血糖、降低血压、调节血脂、提高免疫力的作用。同时，苦瓜的果实或种子的萃取物也能促进人体糖 份分解，具有使过剩糖份转化为热量的作用，改善体内的脂肪平衡。此外，它也可消除成为糖尿病原因的肥胖或便秘。因此，糖尿病患者和血糖值较高的人，不妨每 天都喝苦瓜汁。

有些糖尿病人因无法接受限量的肉类，而试图改以吃素方式来控制血糖，甚至有人认为吃素不会影响血糖。素食者常有的问题为蛋 白质摄取过与不及以及油脂摄取过多。素食者蛋白质来源为豆制品，一份豆制品相当一份肉类营养，因此，素食者正餐时为均衡营养必须以豆制品获得蛋白质，然而 一般人对豆制品有相当大的禁忌，若不靠牛奶或蛋之摄取，蛋白质会明显不足。另有些人对豆制品有错误的观念，觉得只要不是肉类就不会影响血糖且不知其油脂量 甚高，而不限制食用，造成血糖居高不下。因此，若为糖尿病而素食者，豆制品的摄取是必须的，其为蛋白质来源，与肉类替换。若为全素者，最好为蛋奶素，一天 至少一至二杯牛奶，偶而以蛋代换豆制品，以提高蛋白质的利用率。不论吃素与否，只要吃得均衡，控制份量，对血糖控制都是有益的。
糖尿病人要多喝白开水，每天应摄取约六至八杯（1600～1800C.C）的水。白开水是人体最健康、最经济的水份来源，应养成摄取白开水的习惯。市售饮料常含高糖份，经常饮用不利于理想体重及血脂肪的控制。
总 之过度限制饮食不利于糖尿病的控制，为能在控制饮食的基础上，全面均衡地摄入营养素，帮助控制疾病的进展，糖尿病患者应树立正确的观念，饮食结构多样化， 做到营养摄入的全面和均衡。日常膳食主要以植物性食品为主，适当限制蛋白质，严格限制脂肪、烟、酒及含糖饮料，提倡高纤维素食物。糖尿病患者还应该在合理 膳食的基础上，适当补充一些维生素矿物质补充剂，以保障营养素摄入的全面、均衡，有效预防糖尿病的发生、发展。

Diabetes & The Diabetic Diet
Chinese Text By Dr. Allen Pang English Text By Y3K Publisher

Diabetes is a condition where there is an abnormally high level of sugar in the blood and the affected patient’s body is unable to control this. Basic causes of the illness are thought to be related to genetic inheritance, environment, coming into constant contact with toxic substances or other infection of harmful organism may trigger the onset. Diabetes results from a failure in the production of insulin which is one of the body’s hormones and its job is to keep the blood’s sugar in control. Without insulin, the body’s cells become deprived of sugar despite the fact that there is a high level in the blood. As the sugar level rises due to lack of insulin, the cells burn on fat and nutrients like protein as it goes through improper circulation.

Proper diet still form the basis for management of diabetes and the so-called diabetic diet is nothing more than a modification of a well-balanced diet of others. Whatever others eat, diabetics can eat too but with certain adjustments altered to suit each individual’s needs. The intake of calories, proteins, fat, sugar should be carefully monitored as a balanced diet supplies nutrients needed by a person to support daily health. A diabetic person requires the same food nutrients as any other non-diabetic person. But protein, fat and carbohydrates are not metabolized in the same way so there is a need to lower this range of food groups. An uncontrolled diet may bring about problems whether the patient belongs to the Diabetes Mellitus (blood glucose level is higher than normal) or Maturity Onset Diabetes, which is a type of diabetes where the pancreas does produce insulin but the tissues of the body are sensitive to its action and because of this, a condition of high blood sugar level starts.

Sometimes, a diabetic can lapse into problems like hypoglycameia (which means low blood sugar level) or develop hyperglycaemia (which means high blood sugar level). Both conditions can be cured but complications can have an effect on the eyes, start of abnormalities in the nerves and has a tendency to develop artery trouble.

Diet is a must for those who suffer from diabetes. Once you understand the role of diet, there is a better overall control of the disease. With a proper diet and combined with the correct set of exercise, the illness can be managed. A diabetic should bring blood glucose level near to normal in order to lessen the risk of toxic effects and whether a patient is on medication or insulin, the diet should be tailored to each individual’s nutritional requirement. Below is a simple guide to the source of vitamins needed in a diet:

1. Vitamin A (retinol) is needed for Group 1 as they tend to have insulin resistance. A good origin of this vitamin comes from egg yolks, carrots, pumpkins, maize, spinach and since vitamin A is fat soluble, it can also be made in the body from carotene, a substance found in carrots, spinach.

2. Vitamin B is water soluble so you need a daily supply. There are many vitamins in this group (B1, B2, B6, B12) and is needed for growth and general health, especially for the nervous system. Sources of this vitamin comes from wheatgerm, pulses, sesame seeds and animal products.

3. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) acts as antioxidant, mopping up free radicals, prevents irregularities in the nervous system or formation of arterial disease. Fresh fruits particularly strawberries, spinach, tomatoes, contain a useful amount of vitamin C.

4. Vitamin D is needed for the production of insulin. It is an odd vitamin as it can be made in the body. This process occurs in the skin where a substance is converted into vitamin D in response to exposure to sunlight. General exposure should be sufficient.

5. Lack of Zinc can be a problem factor to the secretion of insulin by the pancreas. Foods rich in this nutrient are cereals, eggs.

6. Chromium can help to lower blood sugar and a good source comes from malt, groundnuts, button mushrooms, tea leaves, ginseng and the herb Wong Chi.

Selenium can lower blood sugar and prevents hardening of the heart’s arteries. A rich source comes from sesame seeds, malt and herb Wong Chi.

It is rather common to find many family members of diabetic patients who expect complications to the patients everyday diet. There are misconceptions that these patients need booster nutrition like chicken essence, foods high in proteins, fish soups or double-boiled chicken with Chinese herbs. In fact this can be a danger as there lies the inability to resist temptation over heavy meals. A well-balanced diet is important for patients but they should not be deprived of good food too.

Bittergourds have enzymes for lowering blood sugar and is a booster for the immune system. The flesh and seeds of this fruit vegetable has loads of goodness and can be taken as a juice drink on a daily basis. It not only helps to prevent constipation but helps to reduce excess weight gained.

As fat restriction is necessary for diabetics, many opt to leave out meat in return for vegetarianism. Eating meat is not harmful in itself but eating anything in excess can be dangerous. As meat is an excellent source of protein, iron and fat, a full vegetarian diet has to be supplemented with the right proportion of nutrients needed in a balanced diet. In a vegetarian diet, protein can only be obtained through plant protein and a combination of nuts, pulses, cereals can help. But it can have its disadvantages as many people are allergic to nuts or flatulence can be formed by eating high fibre foods such as beans. There is often a mistaken idea that if no meat is consumed, the sugar level will be good. This is not true as when there is insufficient insulin, glucose cannot be processed and this remains circulating in the blood stream and can be toxic to the body. Vegans can have an exchange for meat by consuming eggs as it has good protein food. For lacto-vegetarians, the substitution list should include one to two glasses of milk daily and eggs to replace beans. A knowledge of nutrition is the must important factor in preparing a diabetic diet.

Diabetics should drink a lot of water, around 1600 to 1800ml. Water is not a nutrient but the base for the body’s major transport system. Alcohol consumption, smoking and excessive sugary drinks should be avoided. Soluble fibres can be beneficial in the diets too. Be wise with your choice and any diabetic patient can still enjoy dining in or out.

糖尿病药膳
文:张慧兰医师

中医称糖尿病为消渴病。分为上消、中消、下消三型，采用药膳治疗，有助于降低血糖及尿糖。
　　
上消型以多饮为主，小便较多、色黄，咽干灼热，食量如常，舌红少津，苔黄而干。多采用生津止渴、清热润肺的方法调整。
　　
中消型常以多食易饥为主，伴有口渴多饮、口苦、口臭、口干、小便频、大便干结。宜清胃泻火、养阴生津。
　　
下消型以小便频多为主。一般采用滋阴补肾、清热降火的方法调理。糖尿病的主要症状是口渴多饮，多食而消瘦、多尿或尿浑浊。运用药物与药膳相结合的疗法，可取得令人满意的效果。

糖尿病患的饮食原则「三低一高」，也就是「低油、低盐、低糖、高纤维」，把握此一糖尿病饮食原则，让糖尿病患者既可品尝美食，又不增加身体负担。 以下药膳可根据患者所表现的症状酌情选用。

Diabetes & Herbal Foods
By Dr. Chong Fee Lan
Chinese physicians classify diabetes into three sectors, namely upper sector, middle sector and lower sector illness. Herbal medicines are normally prescribed to be combined with food for cooking. Their main role in cuisine is to keep the blood glucose level near to normal as much as possible.

Upper sector diabetes patient needs an extra fluid diet as he or she may have a strong urine flow but the colour tends to be very yellow. The throat is parched and tongue reddish. Food choice should be on ingredients that can ease the thirst and soothe lungs.

Middle sector diabetics require extra intake of meals. Frequency can increase but the portions should be small. The patients feel thirsty and have bitter taste in their mouths. Bad breath, parched mouths and constipations occur. Hard stool comes with difficult bowel movements. Some light herbal food can improve the general health.

Lower sector diabetes patients may have a constant urge to ease themselves and tend to be rather thin despite consuming a large amount of food. Herbs used can help to speed up the detoxification process and clear body heat.

Always ensure a diabetic diet has “three lows and one high”. It must be low in oil, salt and sugar but high in fibre intake. Recipes printed are suitable food as they tend to have some curative value.

Recipe 1

聪耳明目粥
Huai Shan Porridge

材料：
山药20克
兔丝子10克
覆盆子10克
枸杞子20克
良质米半杯
水1550毫升

Ingredients:
20g Huai Shan
10g Du Si Zi
10g raspberry
20g Kei Chi or medlar seeds
½ cup rice grains
1550ml water

做法Method:
1. 首先把白米及山药以1250毫升水熬成粥，再利用兔丝子和覆 盆子加入300毫升煮10分钟熬成高汤。
Boil rice grains, huai shan and 1250ml water to a porridge-like. Place du si zi and raspberry with 300ml water. Boil to a stock.

2. 将高汤去渣后加入煮得黏稠的粥中，盖上锅盖用大火煮到沸腾。
Add stock into porridge. Place pot lid on and turn to high heat. Bring it to a roaring boil.

3. 滚了以后改用小火，再添加枸杞子。
Turn to low heat, add in kei chi.

功效 Herbal properties:
长期的糖尿病常会造成视力退化，聪耳明目粥不但能明目，还具有壮阳补精，健脾益肾的功能，不但适合糖尿病患食用，也适合青少年补眼力。
Kei chi has been renowned for its vision improving properties. As kei chi are good for the eyes, young people who strain their eyes a lot can take this porridge.








Recipe 2

清蒸茶非洲鱼
Steamed Fish with Tea Leaves

材料：
非洲鱼500克（洗净）
绿茶适量
Ingredients:
1 tilapia or talapia fish (500g, cleaned)
Some brewed green tea
做法Method:
1. 将非洲鱼去鳃、内脏，洗净，腹内装满绿茶叶，放盘中，放上蒸锅清蒸，熟透即可。
Place rinsed fish on a platter. Pour green tea into cavity, Steam till fish is well-cooked. Consume this dish daily, eating only the flesh of the fish.

功效 Herbal properties:
补虚，止烦消渴，适用于糖尿病口渴，多饮不止以及热病伤阴。
It treats thirst caused by diabetes, expels heat in the body.








Recipe 3

土茯苓猪骨汤
Tu Fu Ling Soup

材料：
猪脊骨500克
土茯苓50克
水2000毫升

Ingredients:
500g pig’s back bones
50g Tu Fu Ling
2000ml water

做法Method:
1. 将猪脊骨加适量水熬成3碗，去骨及浮油，加入土茯苓，再煎至2碗即成，每日服一次，分两次服完。
Boil bones and water. Strain residue and oil contents. Add tu fu ling to strained solution. Bring to a boil, simmer till 2 bowls of solution remains. Divide into 2 portions. Drink once a day.

功效 Herbal properties:
健脾气，利水湿，补阴益髓。
Strengthens the spleen, has good diuretic effect.

Herbal Drink To Prevent Influenza A (H1N1)

提高免疫功能茶
材料：
黄芪10克
防风10克
白术10克
银花10克
生甘草5克
滚水500毫升

做法：
将所有药材材料磨成粗末装入药袋，放入茶壶中用滚水冲泡当茶喝（饮完后可再加水）。

功效：
振奋卫阳，抵御外邪，提高免疫功能。

Immune Booster Drink

Ingredients:
10g huang qi
10g fang feng
10g bai shu
10g yin hua
5g fresh licorice root
500ml boiling hot water

Method:
Mill above into fine powder-form. Place into a cloth sachet. Pour in boiling hot water. Drink as tea. Can add in extra hot water to refill drink.

Herbal properties:
It is promoted as an immune system booster.

防流感凉茶配方
材料：
桑叶12克
菊花12克
枇杷叶12克
葛根15克
生薏仁15克
芦根15克
连翘12克
大青叶15克
银花12克
藿香10克
鱼腥草12克
甘草6克
清水2公升（2000毫升）

做法：
将所有材料以大火煮15分钟即可服用。

用法：
每日1剂，连服3日。小儿酌减，孕妇、脾胃虚寒者遵医嘱。
功效：
清热化湿，透表达邪。此药茶适于体质壮实或平素烟酒过度的人群。


Drink To Prevent Flu

Ingredients:
12g mulberry leaves
12g dried chrysanthemum
12g loquat leaves
15g ge gen
15g raw Chinese barley
15g lu gen
12g lian qiao
15g da qing ye
12g yin hua
10g huo xiang
12g yu xing cao
6g licorice root
2 litres (2000ml) water

Method:
Combine ingredients. Boil over high heat for 15 minutes.

Dosage:
Drink once a day, continue for three days. Give children a smaller dosage. Not suitable for pregnant women or those with a cold stomach.

Herbal properties:
To clear excess heat, eliminates dampness from the body. Drink is suitable for those who smoke or drink a lot of alcohol.

以上兩個藥方，是張慧蘭醫師與南京江蘇省中醫院孫偉教授研究的藥茶。

張慧蘭醫師與孫偉教授